Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C) and line baking sheets with parchment paper.
In a large mixing bowl, cream together the softened butter, brown sugar, and granulated sugar until light and fluffy, using an electric mixer or whisk.
Beat in the eggs one at a time, followed by the vanilla extract, mixing until well combined.
In another bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, cinnamon, nutmeg, and salt.
Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, mixing until just combined.
Fold in the diced apples, caramel bits, and nuts (if using) gently until evenly distributed in the dough.
Using a cookie scoop or spoon, drop tablespoon-sized amounts of dough onto the prepared baking sheets, leaving some space between each cookie.
Bake the cookies in the preheated oven for 10-12 minutes, or until the edges are lightly golden.
Remove from the oven and let the cookies cool on the baking sheets for 5 minutes before transferring them to a wire rack to cool completely.
For a richer caramel flavor, consider drizzling extra melted caramel over the cooled cookies before serving.
You can store leftover cookies in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 3 days.